Week 2 vocabulary

Fifth-declension nouns

Only three fifth-declension nouns are common in Hyginus, but they are important: learn these three nouns thoroughly.

• dies, diei m: day
• fides, fidei f: faith
• res, rei f: thing, matter, affair

Fourth-declension nouns

Learn these four of the more frequent fourth-declension nouns in Hyginus:

• currus, currūs, m: chariot
• domus, domūs, f: house, home
• impulsus, impulsūs, m: (striking against), influence, instigation

Noun theme

Choose one thematic cluster of nouns from Friday’s homework assignment, and learn its items.

Verb compounds

Build on our knowledge of frequent verbs from week 1!

Latin frequently forms compounds of a prepositional prefix with a verb. The resulting verb typically has a more specific sense connected with the meaning of the preposition. For example, duco generally means “to lead”; perduco adds the idea of “leading through”, and hence can mean “to guide.”

The compounds of the nine verbs listed here are frequent in Hyginus. Learn them in groups with the root verb. Pay attention to the highlighted principal parts where a vowel in the root verb shortens; notice the similarities in compounds of capio and facio.

Compound verbs:

1. from capio, capĕre, cepi, captus: seize
   • accipio, accipĕre, accepi, acceptus: to receive, to perceive
   • recipio, recipĕre, recepi, receptus: regain, recover
2. from do, dare, dedi, datus: to give
   • dedo, dedĕre, dedidi, deditus: to give away, give up, surrender
3. from duco, ducĕre, duxi, ductus: to lead
   • adduco, adducĕre, adduxi, adductus: to lead, to conduct
   • perduco, perducĕre, perduxi, perductus: to guide, lead through
4. from eo, ire, ii or ivi, -: to go
   • exeo, exire, exivi or exii, exitus: to go out
   • intereo, interire, interii or iterivi, iteritus: to perish, be ruined
   • redeo, redire, redivi or redii, reditus: to go or come back, return
5. from facio, facĕre, feci, factus
   • interficio, interficĕre, interfeci, interfectus: destroy, kill
   • proficio, proficĕre, profeci, profectus
6. from fero, ferre, tuli, latus: to bear, carry
   • defero, deferre, detuli, delatus: to carry away, convey
   • refero, referre, rettuli or retuli, relatus: to return, restore
7. from mitto, mittĕre, misi, missus: to send
   • amitto, amittĕre, amisi, amissus: to dismiss, send away, to lose
8. from pono, ponĕre, posui, positus: to place, put
   • expono, exponĕre, exposui, expositus: to set forth, expose
   • impono, imponĕre, imposui, impositus: to set upon or over
9. from venio, venire, veni, ventus: to come
   • invenio, invenire, inveni, inventus: to discover, find out
   • pervenio, pervenire, perveni, perventus: to come to, arrive at

Irregular verbs

In addition, it can helpful to remember that the irregular verbs possum and nolo actually derive from pot+sum “I am able”, and non+volo “I do not want”.

• from sum, esse, fui, (futurus): “to be”
  • possum, posse, potui, -: “to be able”
• from volo, velle, volui, -: “to wish, want”
  • nolo, nolle, nolui, -: “to wish…not, to be unwilling”

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