Translation 3: Three labors of Hercules

Glossary and notes

Note: the verb sum, esse, fui, futurus has no present participle! If you want to construct the equivalent of a normal verbal unit using a participle with a noun, you can simply omit the verb “to be” and include the predicate (just as you can with finite forms of sum: Herculis fortis could be a complete sentence). This is most easily recognizable when the noun is an ablative in ablative absolute construction.

Vocabulary:

• Augeas, Augeae (m), Augeas, king of Elis
• bobile, bobilis (n), “stall”
• caro, carnis (f), “flesh, meat”
• Iuppiter, Iovis (m), Jupiter
• purgo, purgare, purgavi, purgatus, “to clean (something, from something else)” Note that purgo can take two accusative direct objects.
• quattuor (indeclinable adj.), “four”
• stercus, stercoris (n), “dung, manure”

Passage to analyze

Hyginus, chapter 30, sections 7-9.

7 Augeae regis stercus bobile uno die purgavit, maiorem partem Iove adiutore; flumine admisso totum stercus abluit.
8 taurum cum quo Pasiphae concubuit ex Creta insula Mycenis vivum adduxit.
9 Diomedem Thraciae regem et equos quattuor eius, qui carne humana vescebantur, cum Abdero famulo interfecit; equorum autem nomina Podargus Lampon Xanthus Dinus.

A. Grammatical analysis

Place each verbal idea (clause, indirect statement, participial expression) on a separate line, indented to show its level of subordination. Italicize the verb of each unit by surrounding it with asterisks.

B. Grammatical questions

1. In the phrase, Iove adiutore, what case is Iove? What kind of construction is this phrase
2. What case is stercus, and why is it in that case?
3. Identify the form of the adjective maiorem (gender, case, number, degree).
4. Explain the construction of the verbal unit flumine admisso.
5. What are the gender, number, case, and antecedent of qui?
6. What Latin verb form has to be understood in the clause that runs from equorum to Dinus?

C. Literary commentary

Choose two choices of syntax, word order, or diction that Hyginus makes in this passage that complement or enhance the meaning of the passage’s content. Discuss briefly s in 3-4 sentences. Italicize Latin words when citing them.

D. Translation

Please translate the passage into idiomatic English.

Submitting your work

In your github repository, create a file named translation3.md.

You can copy and paste this page in to set up a template for your submission. Enter your answer next to each question.

Please include questions as well as your answers.

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